| 1. Scan or Import |
Low resolution, uneven cropping, faded print, or compressed source file |
Scan the physical photograph or import the highest-quality available file. Save an untouched master before editing. |
Use 300 ppi for normal print reproduction; use 600 ppi when the original is small or contains fine detail. Save the master as TIFF or another lossless format. |
Do not resize or sharpen the face during the first import. Keep the original pixel dimensions available for comparison. |
Check that eyes, eyebrows, lips, and hair edges are visible without blockiness or ringing. |
| 2. Neutralize Color and Tone |
Yellowing, color cast, weak contrast, or crushed shadows |
Correct white balance, black point, highlight level, and midtone contrast before repairing physical damage. |
Make small tonal adjustments and avoid clipping the darkest or lightest pixels. Use a histogram to monitor shadow and highlight loss. |
Sample neutral areas such as paper margins or gray clothing rather than skin. Preserve natural variations in skin tone. |
Facial skin should not become uniformly gray, orange, or overly bright compared with surrounding tones. |
| 3. Remove Dust and Small Specks |
White, black, or colored dots caused by dust, dirt, or scanner particles |
Use a healing, clone, or dust-removal tool on a separate editable layer when available. |
Use a brush slightly larger than the defect, with a soft edge and low-to-medium opacity. Work at 100% to 200% zoom. |
Use nearby texture as the repair source. Avoid sampling directly across eyes, eyelashes, nostrils, lips, or hair strands. |
Zoom out to 50% or 100% and confirm that the repaired area does not look smoother than the surrounding skin. |
| 4. Repair Scratches and Creases |
Long scratches, fold lines, tears, or missing strips of image information |
Repair in short sections with clone or healing tools. For missing areas, use content-aware reconstruction only as a starting point. |
Use a smaller brush for facial areas and change the source point frequently. Keep opacity moderate so repeated texture remains believable. |
Do not draw a continuous line across the face. Preserve the original asymmetry of facial features instead of making both sides identical. |
Inspect the repaired face at 100% and compare it with the untouched layer. Look for repeated patterns, blurred contours, or artificial symmetry. |
| 5. Restore Missing Facial Areas |
Partially damaged eyes, nose, mouth, ears, or hairline |
Combine manual reconstruction with carefully controlled generative or content-aware assistance, if available. |
Apply assistance only inside a selected damaged region. Keep the original face layer hidden or visible for direct comparison. |
Never replace an intact eye, mouth, or distinctive facial feature merely to improve appearance. Treat generated details as interpretation, not historical fact. |
Confirm that the result is consistent with the original lighting, pose, age, expression, and image grain. |
| 6. Reduce Noise and JPEG Artifacts |
Film grain, scanner noise, blockiness, ringing, or color speckling |
Apply luminance and color-noise reduction selectively, preferably with a mask or duplicated layer. |
Use lower noise reduction on faces than on plain backgrounds. Avoid aggressive smoothing that removes pores, hair, and fabric texture. |
Protect high-frequency facial features such as eyelashes, eyelid folds, lip edges, and fine hair with a mask. |
Check the image at 100%. Skin should retain texture, while flat background areas should appear cleaner without plastic-looking faces. |
| 7. Recover Local Sharpness |
Slight softness caused by scanning, age, motion, or repeated resizing |
Use restrained sharpening or detail recovery after dust, scratch, and noise removal. |
Apply sharpening at 100% viewing size with a low radius and moderate amount. Use masking to limit sharpening to edges. |
Sharpen eyes and important contours selectively; do not sharpen every pore or scratch, and avoid bright halos around the nose or jaw. |
Reduce the sharpening effect temporarily. If the face loses character or develops halos when the effect is enabled, lower the strength. |
| 8. Rebuild Backgrounds Carefully |
Large stains, torn corners, blank areas, or distracting marks outside the subject |
Use cloning, texture synthesis, or content-aware fill mainly on uniform backgrounds and clothing. |
Work with broad selections away from the face. Blend repaired sections gradually rather than applying one large automatic fill. |
Keep the facial silhouette, hair outline, and shoulder edges on a protected layer or mask. |
Look for repeated textures, unnatural perspective, abrupt grain changes, or background lines that point incorrectly toward the face. |
| 9. Balance Grain and Texture |
Repaired areas look too smooth or digitally pasted onto the original |
Match the repaired regions to the surrounding grain and local contrast using a subtle texture layer or controlled noise. |
Use monochromatic noise at low opacity and preview at the final output size. Avoid adding grain before all major repairs are complete. |
Match texture rather than adding detail to the face. The goal is consistency, not artificial skin enhancement. |
Check transitions between repaired and untouched areas under both normal display and 100% magnification. |
| 10. Upscale for Output |
Original image is too small for printing or display |
Upscale only after restoration. Use a high-quality resampling method and compare the result with the native-size version. |
Prefer one controlled enlargement over several small enlargements. Avoid enlarging a heavily compressed JPEG before cleaning it. |
Inspect the eyes, mouth, and hair after enlargement. Reject results that invent sharp edges or alter recognizable features. |
Compare facial proportions and expression with the original. Detail should look clearer, not redesigned. |
| 11. Final Color and Crop |
Uneven borders, tilted scan, distracting edges, or inconsistent final appearance |
Straighten, crop, adjust overall color, and prepare a separate delivery copy. |
Keep the restoration master uncropped or preserve the original framing in a separate version. Export display copies in sRGB for general web use. |
Do not crop tightly around the face unless the original composition requires it. Preserve context that helps identify the subject. |
Review the complete image at normal viewing size and verify that the face remains the visual focus without looking artificially enhanced. |
| 12. Archive and Document |
Loss of editing history or uncertainty about what was reconstructed |
Save the layered working file, untouched scan, final master, and a smaller sharing copy. |
Keep a lossless master and use JPEG only for delivery when file size is important. Record major edits and any reconstructed areas. |
Label interpreted or generated facial details clearly so they are not mistaken for verified original information. |
Open the exported file independently and confirm that color, resolution, layers or metadata, and facial detail remain acceptable. |